Представлено сочинение на английском языке Британский музей/ The British Museum с переводом на русский язык.
| The British Museum | Британский музей |
| The British Museum, without exaggeration, can be called the most famous in Great Britain. This is the main historical and archaeological exhibition complex of the country, which is visited daily by thousands of tourists from all over the world. | Британский музей без преувеличения можно назвать самым известным в Великобритании. Это главный историко-археологический выставочный комплекс страны, который ежедневно посещают тысячи туристов со всего мира. |
| The collection of the British Museum has over thirteen million exhibits and is one of the largest on earth. Items stored here belong to different cultures and eras. They are housed in one hundred galleries, each of them is dedicated to a specific civilization, historical period or theme. | Коллекция Британского музея насчитывает свыше тринадцати миллионов экспонатов и является одной из крупнейших на земле. Предметы, хранящиеся здесь, принадлежат к различным культурам и эпохам. Они размещаются в ста галереях, каждая из которых посвящена определённой цивилизации, историческому периоду или теме. |
| So, the museum has a department of Ancient Egypt and Sudan, Greece and Rome, the Middle East, Asia, Africa, Oceania and America. Many halls here are dedicated to European history and in particular dedicated to the events that have been taking place in Great Britain from ancient times to the immediate past. | Так, в музее есть отдел Древнего Египта и Судана, Греции и Рима, Ближнего Востока, Азии, Африки, Океании и Америки. Много залов здесь связано с европейской историей, в частности событиям, происходящим на территории Великобритании начиная с древнейших времён и заканчивая ближайшим прошлым. |
| These collections mainly feature household items, jewelry and works of art from various nations. There are clay tablets, vases and goblets, necklaces, figurines and sculptures, bas-reliefs and other relics among them and they can tell visitors about the peculiarities of the life of people in the past as well as their customs and traditions. | В этих коллекциях представлены преимущественно предметы быта, драгоценности и произведения искусства различных народов. В их числе глиняные таблички, вазы и кубки, ожерелья, статуэтки и скульптуры, барельефы и другие реликвии, способные рассказать посетителям об особенностях жизни людей прошлого, их нравах и традициях. |
| A separate part of the museum is made up of rooms where engravings and drawings, as well as medals and coins are placed. But this is just the permanent collection of the British Museum. Temporary exhibitions are also regularly held on the museum territory, where there are no less interesting exhibits that arrived to England from other countries of the world. | Отдельную часть музея составляют залы, где размещены гравюры и рисунки, а также медали и монеты. Но это лишь только постоянная коллекция Британского музея. Регулярно на его территории также проводятся временные выставки, где присутствуют не менее интересные экспонаты, прибывшие в Англию из других стран мира. |
| The British Museum is considered one of the oldest in the country. Its grand opening to the public took place on January 15, 1759. And since then, the exhibition funds have been regularly replenished from public and private collections. Therefore, today this grandiose collection of historical values is so interesting to the public. | Британский музей считается одним из самых старых в стране. Его торжественное открытие для публики состоялось 15 января 1759 года. И с тех пор выставочные фонды регулярно пополнялись из государственных и частных коллекций. Поэтому сегодня это грандиозное собрание исторических ценностей представляет столь широкий интерес для публики. |
Британские музеи; Museums in Great Britain — Топик по английскому языку
- 13.11.2018
Тема по английскому языку: Британские музеи
Топик по английскому языку: Британские музеи с переводом (Museums in Great Britain). Данный текст может быть использован в качестве презентации, проекта, рассказа, эссе, сочинения или сообщения на тему.
Бесплатный вход в музеи
В Великобритании огромное количество музеев, во многих из которых вход бесплатный.
Британский музей
Один из самых известных – Британский музей в Лондоне, который был основан в 1753 году. Это музей человеческой истории и культуры. Его коллекции – одни из крупнейших в мире и представляют разные континенты. Во-первых, это огромная библиотека с 6 или 7 миллионами книг, которая считается одной из самых больших в мире. Согласно британскому закону каждая книга, памфлет или периодическое издание, изданные в Британии, должны храниться в этом музее. Во-вторых, Британский музей – это научный институт, известный как Музей естественной истории, где представлены коллекции международной важности. Это место вдохновляет людей по-другому думать об окружающей среде и лучше заботиться о нашей планете. Наконец, в Британском музее есть замечательная художественная галерея, помещающая уникальные коллекции скульптуры, керамики, рисунков и картин. Там также есть большая коллекция итальянских картин.
Галерея Тейт
Галерея Тейт, которая была основана в 1897, представляет современных художников Англии и Франции. Там находится потрясающая коллекция французских импрессионистов. Также в музее есть образцы современной скульптуры.
Лондонская галерея
Лондонская галерея в Лондоне, основанная в 1824, обладает богатой коллекцией свыше 2 300 картин, датируемых от середины 13 века до 1900. Она расположена на Трафальгарской площади. Там вы можете найти шедевры Гейнсборо, Тернера, Констебля, а также работы французских, испанских, датских и фламандских мастеров.
Музей Виктории и Альберта
Музей Виктории и Альберта, основанный в 1852 и названный в честь принца Альберта и королевы Виктории, является крупнейшим в мире музеем прикладного искусства и дизайна, помещающего коллекцию в боле, чем 4,5 миллиона объектов.
Заключение
В целом, в британских музеях можно увидеть массу интересных вещей.
Скачать Топик по английскому языку: Британские музеи
Museums in Great Britain
Free admission
There are a great number of museums in Great Britain, most of which have free admission.
British Museum
One of the most famous is the British Museum in London, which was established in 1753. It’s a museum of human history and culture. Its collections are amongst the largest in the world and originate from all continents. First of all, it’s a huge library with 6 or 7 million books, which is considered to be one of the largest in the world. According to the British law a copy of every book, pamphlet or periodical published in Britain must be kept in this museum. Secondly, the British Museum is a scientific institution, known as Natural History Museum, where internationally important collections are shown. This place inspires people to think about the natural environment differently and to take better care of the planet. Finally, there is a wonderful art gallery in the British Museum housing unique collections of sculpture, ceramics, drawings and paintings. It also has a great collection of Italian drawings.
The Tate Gallery
The Tate Gallery, which was founded in 1897, presents modern masters of England and France. There is a marvelous collection of French impressionists. There are also some examples of modern sculpture in the museum.
The National Gallery in London
The National Gallery in London, which was founded in 1824, possesses a rich collection of over 2 300 paintings dating from the mid-13th century to 1900. It is situated in Trafalgar Square. There you can find masterpieces of such painters as Gainsborough, Turner, Constable and also pictures of French, Spanish, Dutch and Flemish masters.
The Victoria and Albert Museum
The Victoria and Albert Museum, founded in 1852 and named after Prince Albert and Queen Victoria, is the world’s largest museum of decorative arts and design housing a collection of more than 4,5 million objects.
Conclusion
On the whole, there are numerous interesting things one can see in British museums.
The British Museum was born in the age of Enlightenment and Empire. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the British upper classes traveled across the globe, uncovering the artifacts of distant civilizations, packing them in crates, and shipping them home. Their acquisitions formed the basis of the museum’s collection, which has since been built into one of the world’s largest and finest.
The collection is arranged along roughly geographical lines. You can see the Rosetta Stone from Egypt – the object that finally enabled scholars to decipher hieroglyphics, the Parthenon Marbles from Ancient Greece, or the treasures of a 7th-century Saxon ship burial from Sutton Hoo. But there’s so much more — Babylonian astronomical instruments, giants heads from Easter Island, totem poles from Canada, mummies from Egyptian tombs, Chinese sculptures, Indian texts, Roman statues, African art. The list goes on. In fact, the museum has more objects in storage than it ever does on display.
The British Museum hosts a succession of blockbuster temporary exhibitions, which are often staged in the Reading Room, the former home of the British Library. It lies at the center of the Great Court, the building’s central courtyard, which is topped by a giant glass roof designed by Foster.
Перевод
Британский музей появился в эпоху Просвещения и Империи. В 18-м и 19-м веках британский высший класс путешествовал по всему земному шару, обнаруживая артефакты далеких цивилизаций, упаковывая их в ящики и отправляя домой. Их приобретения легли в основу музейной коллекции, которая с тех пор стала одной из крупнейших и лучших в мире.
Коллекция организована по географическому принципу. Вы можете увидеть Розеттский камень из Египта — предмет, который позволил учёным расшифровать иероглифы, мраморные скульптуры Парфенона из Древней Греции, или сокровища саксонского корабля 7-го века из Саттон Ху. Но есть гораздо больше – вавилонские астрономические инструменты, головы гигантов с острова Пасхи, тотемы из Канады, мумии из египетских гробниц, китайские скульптуры, индийские тексты, римские статуи, африканское искусство. Список можно продолжать. На самом деле в музее хранится гораздо больше предметов, чем можно показать.
Британский музей проводит серию временных выставок-блокбастеров, которые часто проводятся в читальном зале, бывшем доме Британской библиотеки. Он расположен в центре Большого двора, центрального внутреннего двора здания, который увенчан гигантской стеклянной крышей, спроектированной Фостером.
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The British Museum is a museum in London, founded in 1753. It contains one of the world’s richest collections of antiquities and (until 1997) one of the largest libraries in the world: British Library.
The British Museum’s collection of seven million objects representing the rich history of human cultures mirrors the city of London’s global variety. It includes monuments of primitive and antique culture, Ancient East culture, the richest collection of engravings, pictures, ceramics, coins.
The British Museum library is now named the British national library. It was formed in 1973 from the British Museum library and other national collections. It has a copy of every book that is printed in the English language, so that there are more than six million books there. They receive nearly two thousand books and papers daily. The British Museum Library has a very big collection of printed books and manuscripts, both old and new. You can see beautifully illustrated old manuscripts which they keep in glass cases. You can also find there some of the first English books printed by Caxton. Caxton was a printer who lived in the fifteenth century. He made the first printing-press in England. In the reading-room of the British Museum many famous men have read and studied. Charles Dickens, a very popular English writer and the author of ‘David Copperfield’, ‘Oliver Twist’, ‘Dombey and Son’ and other books, spent a lot of time in the British Museum Library.
In no other museum can the visitor see so clearly the history of what it is to be human.
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Дорогой ученик! В этом материале подготовлен рассказ про Британский музей. Под английским текстом есть перевод на русский язык.
Факты проверены Текст проверен, ошибок быть не должно
The British Museum was founded in 1753 and opened its doors in 1759. It is located in London. It was the world’s first free, national, public museum that opened its doors to ‘all studious and curious persons’.
The British Museum was established, largely based on the collections of the Irish physician and scientist Sir Hans Sloane.
He amassed a huge collection of more than 80,000 ‘natural and artificial rarities’ with a vast library of over 40,000 books and manuscripts, and 32,000 coins and medals.
Over the next 260 years, the museum’s wide-ranging collections have grown to about eight million objects covering two million years of human history.
Some of these objects were taken or purchased in regions then under British colonial rule before they were purchased, donated or bequeathed to the museum, while others were acquired through excavations, sales and other bequests by collectors.
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Among the British Museum’s most famous holdings are the Elgin Marbles, consisting mainly of architectural details from the Parthenon at Athens; other Greek sculptures from the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus and from the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus; the Rosetta Stone, which provided the key to reading ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs; and Chinese ceramics from the Ming and other dynasties. На фото – Розеттский камень |
The British Museum receives up to six million visitors per year.
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The London Eye – Лондонский глаз »
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Краткий текст на английском языке про Лондон »
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Официальный сайт Британского музея
Перевод на русский язык
Британский музей был основан в 1753 году и открыл свои двери в 1759 году. Он расположен в Лондоне. Это был первый в мире бесплатный национальный публичный музей, который открыл свои двери для «всех любящих науку и любознательных людей».
Основой для открытия Британского музея в значительной степени послужили коллекции ирландского медика и ученого сэра Ганса Слоана.
Он собрал огромную коллекцию из более чем 80 000 «естественных и искусственных раритетов» с обширной библиотекой из более чем 40 000 книг и рукописей, а также 32 000 монет и медалей.
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Big Ben – Биг-Бен (краткое описание) »
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Trafalgar Square – Трафальгарская площадь »
В последующие 260 лет обширные коллекции музея выросли до восьми миллионов предметов, охватывающих два миллиона лет истории человечества.
Некоторые из этих предметов, прежде чем они были приобретены, подарены или завещаны музею, были заимствованы или куплены в регионах, когда-то находившихся под британским колониальным правлением, в то время как другие были приобретены путем раскопок, продаж и завещаний коллекционерами.
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Среди наиболее известных экспонатов Британского музея мраморы Элгина, состоящие в основном из архитектурных элементов Парфенона в Афинах; другие греческие скульптуры из мавзолея в Галикарнасе и из храма Артемиды в Эфесе; Розеттский камень, который послужил ключом к чтению древнеегипетских иероглифов; и китайская керамика из династии Мин и других династий. На фото – Розеттский камень |
Британский музей принимает до шести миллионов посетителей в год.
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Tourist attractions in London – Достопримечательности Лондона »
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Tourist attractions in Great Britain – Достопримечательности Великобритании »
Представлено сочинение на английском языке Британский музей/ The British Museum с переводом на русский язык.
| The British Museum | Британский музей |
| The British Museum, without exaggeration, can be called the most famous in Great Britain. This is the main historical and archaeological exhibition complex of the country, which is visited daily by thousands of tourists from all over the world. | Британский музей без преувеличения можно назвать самым известным в Великобритании. Это главный историко-археологический выставочный комплекс страны, который ежедневно посещают тысячи туристов со всего мира. |
| The collection of the British Museum has over thirteen million exhibits and is one of the largest on earth. Items stored here belong to different cultures and eras. They are housed in one hundred galleries, each of them is dedicated to a specific civilization, historical period or theme. | Коллекция Британского музея насчитывает свыше тринадцати миллионов экспонатов и является одной из крупнейших на земле. Предметы, хранящиеся здесь, принадлежат к различным культурам и эпохам. Они размещаются в ста галереях, каждая из которых посвящена определённой цивилизации, историческому периоду или теме. |
| So, the museum has a department of Ancient Egypt and Sudan, Greece and Rome, the Middle East, Asia, Africa, Oceania and America. Many halls here are dedicated to European history and in particular dedicated to the events that have been taking place in Great Britain from ancient times to the immediate past. | Так, в музее есть отдел Древнего Египта и Судана, Греции и Рима, Ближнего Востока, Азии, Африки, Океании и Америки. Много залов здесь связано с европейской историей, в частности событиям, происходящим на территории Великобритании начиная с древнейших времён и заканчивая ближайшим прошлым. |
| These collections mainly feature household items, jewelry and works of art from various nations. There are clay tablets, vases and goblets, necklaces, figurines and sculptures, bas-reliefs and other relics among them and they can tell visitors about the peculiarities of the life of people in the past as well as their customs and traditions. | В этих коллекциях представлены преимущественно предметы быта, драгоценности и произведения искусства различных народов. В их числе глиняные таблички, вазы и кубки, ожерелья, статуэтки и скульптуры, барельефы и другие реликвии, способные рассказать посетителям об особенностях жизни людей прошлого, их нравах и традициях. |
| A separate part of the museum is made up of rooms where engravings and drawings, as well as medals and coins are placed. But this is just the permanent collection of the British Museum. Temporary exhibitions are also regularly held on the museum territory, where there are no less interesting exhibits that arrived to England from other countries of the world. | Отдельную часть музея составляют залы, где размещены гравюры и рисунки, а также медали и монеты. Но это лишь только постоянная коллекция Британского музея. Регулярно на его территории также проводятся временные выставки, где присутствуют не менее интересные экспонаты, прибывшие в Англию из других стран мира. |
| The British Museum is considered one of the oldest in the country. Its grand opening to the public took place on January 15, 1759. And since then, the exhibition funds have been regularly replenished from public and private collections. Therefore, today this grandiose collection of historical values is so interesting to the public. | Британский музей считается одним из самых старых в стране. Его торжественное открытие для публики состоялось 15 января 1759 года. И с тех пор выставочные фонды регулярно пополнялись из государственных и частных коллекций. Поэтому сегодня это грандиозное собрание исторических ценностей представляет столь широкий интерес для публики. |
The British Museum was born in the age of Enlightenment and Empire. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the British upper classes traveled across the globe, uncovering the artifacts of distant civilizations, packing them in crates, and shipping them home. Their acquisitions formed the basis of the museum’s collection, which has since been built into one of the world’s largest and finest.
The collection is arranged along roughly geographical lines. You can see the Rosetta Stone from Egypt – the object that finally enabled scholars to decipher hieroglyphics, the Parthenon Marbles from Ancient Greece, or the treasures of a 7th-century Saxon ship burial from Sutton Hoo. But there’s so much more — Babylonian astronomical instruments, giants heads from Easter Island, totem poles from Canada, mummies from Egyptian tombs, Chinese sculptures, Indian texts, Roman statues, African art. The list goes on. In fact, the museum has more objects in storage than it ever does on display.
The British Museum hosts a succession of blockbuster temporary exhibitions, which are often staged in the Reading Room, the former home of the British Library. It lies at the center of the Great Court, the building’s central courtyard, which is topped by a giant glass roof designed by Foster.
Перевод
Британский музей появился в эпоху Просвещения и Империи. В 18-м и 19-м веках британский высший класс путешествовал по всему земному шару, обнаруживая артефакты далеких цивилизаций, упаковывая их в ящики и отправляя домой. Их приобретения легли в основу музейной коллекции, которая с тех пор стала одной из крупнейших и лучших в мире.
Коллекция организована по географическому принципу. Вы можете увидеть Розеттский камень из Египта — предмет, который позволил учёным расшифровать иероглифы, мраморные скульптуры Парфенона из Древней Греции, или сокровища саксонского корабля 7-го века из Саттон Ху. Но есть гораздо больше – вавилонские астрономические инструменты, головы гигантов с острова Пасхи, тотемы из Канады, мумии из египетских гробниц, китайские скульптуры, индийские тексты, римские статуи, африканское искусство. Список можно продолжать. На самом деле в музее хранится гораздо больше предметов, чем можно показать.
Британский музей проводит серию временных выставок-блокбастеров, которые часто проводятся в читальном зале, бывшем доме Британской библиотеки. Он расположен в центре Большого двора, центрального внутреннего двора здания, который увенчан гигантской стеклянной крышей, спроектированной Фостером.
Британский музей (The British Museum) — 5.0 out of
5
based on
1 vote
Great Britain
The British Museum is the largest and richest of its kind in the world. This Museum comprises the National Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography, and the National Library. It was built in the middle of the last century. The Museum is situated in London (in Bloomsbury district).
On one of the houses in Bloomsbury there is a plaque, which tells people that for nearly 50 years this was the home of Sir Hans Sloane, the benefactor of the British Museum.
Sir Hans Sloane was an Irishman. He arrived in London nearly 300 years ago with 800 species of plants collected in West India. His particular specialities were natural history specimens and books. All his long life Sir Hans Sloane remained a collector. In his will he offered his vast collection to the people of Britain. Later on the Government bought his collection. Two important libraries were added to the collection of natural history specimens and books.
At first, his collections were on view to the public in a large house not far from the present museum.
The present building was built in 1852.
By law a copy of every book, periodical or newspaper published in Britain must be preserved in the British Museum. All printed matter is kept in a separate building in another part of London.
The British Museum is closely connected with the name of an Italian, Anthony Panizzi. Being a lawyer, he occupied the position of principal librarian at the British Museum. He also designed the plans for the construction of the famous circular Reading Room at the British Museum. Visitors to the Museum who want to enter the Reading Room, must have a ticket of admission. Only people over the age of 2 1, engaged in serious study and who can’t obtain the books they require elsewhere, can use the Reading Room.
The Reading Room has an unusual shape. It is a perfect circle. The superintendent and his assistants sit in the centre of the room and issue and collect books. The catalogues are kept behind them. Any person who comes into the Reading Room is greatly impressed by the efficiency of the staff there. You just ask for a book and in a moment it is placed in front of you. Today there’re millions of volumes in the library. Only a highly qualified specialist can cope with the work in this library.
The British Museum contains books and manuscripts: Greek, Roman, British and oriental antiquities. It has a department of ethnography. This collection is so vast that only a very small percentage is on show to the public. There is also a department of prints and drawings. There are departments devoted to maps, coins, medals and philately. Those who come to the British Museum can see a fascinating array of clocks and watches.
Every year the British Museum is visited by 2 million people.
EXERCISES
I. Answer two questions:
1. When was the British Museum built?
2. Where is the Museum situated?
3. Who was the benefactor of the Museum?
4. Whom was Sir Hans Sloane’s collections offered to?
5. Who can use the Reading Room of the British Museum?
II. Match the two halves.
1. The British Museum is situated in …
2. The Museum comprises …
3. The benefactor of the Museum was . . .
4. Sir Hans Sloane offered his collection to .. .
5. Anthony Panizzi . . .
6. The Reading Room has an unusual . . .
7. The superintendent . . .
8. There is a fascinating array of . . .
a) Sir Hans Sloane.
b) the British people.
c) designed the plans for the construction of the Reading Room.
d) shape.
e) issues and collects books.
f) clocks and watches.
g) the National Museum of Architecture and Ethnography and the National Library.
h) in London.
III. Fill in the gaps.
1. The Museum comprises … .
2. Sir Hans Sloane arrived in London ….
3. All his life Sir Hans Sloane remained a
4. The present building was constructed in . . . .
5. The British Museum is connected with the name of . . . .
6. Only people over the age of . . . can use the Reading Room.
7. The Reading Room has an unusual shape; it’s a . . . .
8. Every year the British Museum is visited by . . . people.
IV. True or false?
1. Sir Hans Sloane was an architect.
2. People over 21 years old may enter the Reading Room.
3. Visitors are greatly impressed by the efficiency of the staff.
4. By Law a copy of every book is preserved in the Parliament Library.
5. A. Panizzi was a lawyer.
6. Every year the British Museum is visited by 200,000 people.
Answers
II. 1. h; 2. g; 3. a; 4. b; 5. c; 6. d; 7. e; 8. f.
III. 1. the National Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography and the National Library; 2. 300 years ago; 3. a collector; 4. 1852; 5. Anthony Panizzi; 6. 21; 7. circle; 8. 2 million.
IV. 1. F; 2. T; 3. T; 4. F; 5. T; 6. F.
(Великобритания: Тексты для устных ответов и письменных работ на английском языке. Авт.-сост. И. Ю. Баканова)
Британские музеи; Museums in Great Britain — Топик по английскому языку
- 13.11.2018
Тема по английскому языку: Британские музеи
Топик по английскому языку: Британские музеи с переводом (Museums in Great Britain). Данный текст может быть использован в качестве презентации, проекта, рассказа, эссе, сочинения или сообщения на тему.
Бесплатный вход в музеи
В Великобритании огромное количество музеев, во многих из которых вход бесплатный.
Британский музей
Один из самых известных – Британский музей в Лондоне, который был основан в 1753 году. Это музей человеческой истории и культуры. Его коллекции – одни из крупнейших в мире и представляют разные континенты. Во-первых, это огромная библиотека с 6 или 7 миллионами книг, которая считается одной из самых больших в мире. Согласно британскому закону каждая книга, памфлет или периодическое издание, изданные в Британии, должны храниться в этом музее. Во-вторых, Британский музей – это научный институт, известный как Музей естественной истории, где представлены коллекции международной важности. Это место вдохновляет людей по-другому думать об окружающей среде и лучше заботиться о нашей планете. Наконец, в Британском музее есть замечательная художественная галерея, помещающая уникальные коллекции скульптуры, керамики, рисунков и картин. Там также есть большая коллекция итальянских картин.
Галерея Тейт
Галерея Тейт, которая была основана в 1897, представляет современных художников Англии и Франции. Там находится потрясающая коллекция французских импрессионистов. Также в музее есть образцы современной скульптуры.
Лондонская галерея
Лондонская галерея в Лондоне, основанная в 1824, обладает богатой коллекцией свыше 2 300 картин, датируемых от середины 13 века до 1900. Она расположена на Трафальгарской площади. Там вы можете найти шедевры Гейнсборо, Тернера, Констебля, а также работы французских, испанских, датских и фламандских мастеров.
Музей Виктории и Альберта
Музей Виктории и Альберта, основанный в 1852 и названный в честь принца Альберта и королевы Виктории, является крупнейшим в мире музеем прикладного искусства и дизайна, помещающего коллекцию в боле, чем 4,5 миллиона объектов.
Заключение
В целом, в британских музеях можно увидеть массу интересных вещей.
Скачать Топик по английскому языку: Британские музеи
Museums in Great Britain
Free admission
There are a great number of museums in Great Britain, most of which have free admission.
British Museum
One of the most famous is the British Museum in London, which was established in 1753. It’s a museum of human history and culture. Its collections are amongst the largest in the world and originate from all continents. First of all, it’s a huge library with 6 or 7 million books, which is considered to be one of the largest in the world. According to the British law a copy of every book, pamphlet or periodical published in Britain must be kept in this museum. Secondly, the British Museum is a scientific institution, known as Natural History Museum, where internationally important collections are shown. This place inspires people to think about the natural environment differently and to take better care of the planet. Finally, there is a wonderful art gallery in the British Museum housing unique collections of sculpture, ceramics, drawings and paintings. It also has a great collection of Italian drawings.
The Tate Gallery
The Tate Gallery, which was founded in 1897, presents modern masters of England and France. There is a marvelous collection of French impressionists. There are also some examples of modern sculpture in the museum.
The National Gallery in London
The National Gallery in London, which was founded in 1824, possesses a rich collection of over 2 300 paintings dating from the mid-13th century to 1900. It is situated in Trafalgar Square. There you can find masterpieces of such painters as Gainsborough, Turner, Constable and also pictures of French, Spanish, Dutch and Flemish masters.
The Victoria and Albert Museum
The Victoria and Albert Museum, founded in 1852 and named after Prince Albert and Queen Victoria, is the world’s largest museum of decorative arts and design housing a collection of more than 4,5 million objects.
Conclusion
On the whole, there are numerous interesting things one can see in British museums.
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The British Museum is a museum in London, founded in 1753. It contains one of the world’s richest collections of antiquities and (until 1997) one of the largest libraries in the world: British Library.
The British Museum’s collection of seven million objects representing the rich history of human cultures mirrors the city of London’s global variety. It includes monuments of primitive and antique culture, Ancient East culture, the richest collection of engravings, pictures, ceramics, coins.
The British Museum library is now named the British national library. It was formed in 1973 from the British Museum library and other national collections. It has a copy of every book that is printed in the English language, so that there are more than six million books there. They receive nearly two thousand books and papers daily. The British Museum Library has a very big collection of printed books and manuscripts, both old and new. You can see beautifully illustrated old manuscripts which they keep in glass cases. You can also find there some of the first English books printed by Caxton. Caxton was a printer who lived in the fifteenth century. He made the first printing-press in England. In the reading-room of the British Museum many famous men have read and studied. Charles Dickens, a very popular English writer and the author of ‘David Copperfield’, ‘Oliver Twist’, ‘Dombey and Son’ and other books, spent a lot of time in the British Museum Library.
In no other museum can the visitor see so clearly the history of what it is to be human.
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The British Museum
The British Museum is one of the finest museums in the world, with a vast collection based on the private collection of an 18th-century antiquarian but now grown to encompass a remarkable array of objects from across the globe and illustrating the sweep of human history from ancient times to the present day. The British Museum is the most popular visitor attraction in Britain, with over 6.5 million annual visitors.
History
Sir Hans Sloane was a fashionable physician, naturalist, and a friend of royalty. He was also an avid collector of antiquities, with an eclectic taste ranging from Egyptian coffins to Greek statues. When Sloane died in 1753 he left a collection of over 71,000 artefacts to King George II, on the condition that the king pay his heirs £20,000 — an astronomical sum for the time. Essentially, Sloane was selling his collection to the nation.
The Sloane bequest formed the basis of the British Museum, established by an Act of Parliament on 7 June 1753. The museum collection consisted of antiquities, manuscripts, books, natural history specimens, and ethnographic artefacts. In addition to Sloane’s collection, the first museum included objects collected by Sir Robert Cotton and Robert Harley, the 1st Earl of Oxford.
The museum was housed in Montague House in Bloomsbury and opened to the public on 15 January 1759. It was the first national public museum in the world with a mandate covering all areas of human knowledge. The London landscape would look quite different today if another proposed site had been chosen instead. That other site was Buckingham House, then a private dwelling but today known as Buckingham Palace, the royal family’s London residence.
One of the early visitors was the composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, who came in 1765. Mozart dedicated his first sacred composition, ‘God is Our Refuge’ (K. 20), to the museum.
The Rosetta Stone
In 1823 the architect Sir Robert Smirke began building a new building in Greek Revival style to replace Montagu House as the museum’s home. Smirke’s new museum took 29 years to finish and was completed in 1852. The centrepiece of the new British Museum was the Reading Room, a huge domed chamber. The chamber is now encased in a striking glass-roofed Great Court designed by Sir Norman Foster.
By 1880 the British Museum collections had grown so large that the Bloomsbury site was not able to hold it all. The collection had to be split apart. New premises in Kensington were built to hold the natural history specimens. The new collection became the Natural History Museum.
The same thing happened with the British Museum’s collection of books and manuscripts. Eventually, the collection became too large, and the British Library was formed to hold them.
In 1879 the Museum became one of the first public buildings in London to install electric lighting.
During World War Two most of the museum collection was moved to a bomb-proof tunnel in Aberystwyth, Wales. Large, heavy sculptures could not be safely transported to Wales so they were moved into the nearby Aldwych tube tunnel. Despite these precautions, a collection of 250,000 historic books was destroyed during an air raid in May 1940.
An Egyptian statue
Museum Highlights
The largest section of the museum is devoted to Ancient Greece and Rome. Within this suite of galleries are some of the great treasures of the ancient world, including the Elgin Marbles, a collection of ancient Greek friezes taken from the Parthenon in Athens. Other classical treasures include sculptures from the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus and the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus.
Other ancient treasures include gold and silver from the city of Ur in Mesopotamia, and the Black Obelisk, a 9th-century BC Assyrian monument. From the Far East comes a huge collection of Chinese ceramics from the Ming dynasty and other periods of history.
One of the most historically important objects in the museum is the Rosetta Stone, an ancient Egyptian stone carved in several languages including hieroglyphics. Deciphering the Rosetta Stone gave archaeologists the chance to understand Egyptian hieroglyphic writing for the first time.
As for Egypt, the British Museum holds the largest collection of Egyptian artefacts anywhere outside of Cairo. From mummies to sarcophagi, objects range from the pre-dynastic period to the coming of Christianity.
Figures from The Elgin Marbles
The most famous Roman artefact is the Portland Vase, a 1st-century glass vase that takes its name from the Duchess of Portland, who owned it in the 18th century. The Portland Vase was used as a model by Josiah Wedgwood for his jasperware vases. The vase was smashed in 1845 and painstakingly reassembled.
From the Pacific Islands come aboriginal art, weapons, and tools. The most striking single object is a huge statue from Easter Island known as Hoa Hakananai’a.
The British Isles are not forgotten; the museum holds treasures from the 7th-century ship burial at Sutton Hoo in Suffolk. a collection of early British coins includes a silver penny struck by King Offa of Mercia. See British watercolours, drawings, and prints including works by Turner and Constable. These are just a fraction of the vast collection of three million British prints and drawings, most of which is in storage at any given time.
Admission: Free, but there may be a charge for special exhibitions.
Getting There
The nearest tube station is Tottenham Court Road. From the station exit turn right on the a40 then left on Bloomsbury Street. Take the first right onto Great Russell Street and you will see the museum entrance ahead on your left. Be prepared for security measures at the entrance. These measures, as well as the crowds of people that gather outside the entrance, can make it slow to enter and leave the museum.
Did you know?
The British Museum had its own underground station from 1900 to 1933 when Holborn Station opened 100 yards away.
The British Museum is one of the greatest and bestknown museums in the world, both in the diversity of its collections and in their wide range and high quality. It was founded in 1753 by a decision of t he Parliament.
The British Museum occupying a splendid great building, in the neoclassical or Grecian style, was erected between 1823 and 1847.
Of the 11 major departments into which the museum is divided, the most outstanding are the Assyrian and Babylonian, the Egyptian, and the Greek and Roman Antiquities. The last makes a particular contribution to the glory of the museum with its collection of sculptures from the Parthenon.
There are also extremely important ethnological collections, including exhibits from the Pacific islands (such as ancient Polynesian idols), and America (such as the Aztec sculptures). African civilization is also notably well represented.
There is a notable and priceless collection of medieval objects of art from all the countries of Europe. But the first thing which is associated with the British Museum it is Library.
The Library which is contemporary with the museum, consisted initially of the collection of books belonging to the Sir Hans Sloane. To this library the other collections of manuscripts and books as well were added as the royal library, which provided the foundations of what was to become one of the largest and most important libraries in the world.
The British Museum Library came into world prominence under its most remarkable librarian – Sir Antonio Panizzi, an Italian by birth, who had to leave his country because of revolutionary activities. Under his direction the library took on its present character. During the thirtyfive years of service with the British Museum he formulated the rules and started the general catalogue.
The British Museum Library is a reading — room and a reference library, but not a lending library. The famous circular Reading Room of the Museum, planned by Sir Antonio Panizzi, offers unique research facilities to scholars. The collection of books is being systematically increased. Today there are millions of volumes in the library store — room.
Vocabulary diversity
diversity разнообразие
quality качество
department отдел
outstanding выдающийся
contributi on to вклад в
exhibit экспонат
to represent представлять
notable значительный
priceless бесценный
object of art произведение искусства
contemporary современный
manuscript рукопись
come into world prom i nence получить всемирную известность
catalog ue каталог
reference library библиотека без выдачи книг на дом, читальный зал
lending library библиотека с выдачей книг на дом, абонемент
circular круглый
research исследование
facilities оборудование, условия, удобства
store — room хранилище, запасник
Обновлено: 11.03.2023
London is visited by millions of tourists every year. They come there to see the sights of London and to visit London’s museums. There is quite a number of museums and art galleries in London which are world-famous.
The National Gallery is situated in Trafalgar Square and is one of the best-known art galleries in the world. It was founded in 1824 and houses one of the most important collections of Italian paintings outside Italy. It is also famous for its Dutch collection, particularly for paintings by Rembrandt. The National Portrait Gallery is situated near the National Gallery. It is Britain’s leading art gallery of portraits of famous people in British history. The National Portrait Gallery is noted for representing various kinds of portraits — from traditional oil paintings to photographs. Founded in 1856, in 1984 it contained over 800 original portraits and more than 500 000 photographs.
The famous Tate Gallery was opened in 1897 with the financial support of Sir Henry Tate. He also gave a collection of 65 paintings. The Gallery contains a unique collection of British painting from the 16th century to the present day. Turner and Blake are particularly well represented in the collections. The Gallery also has many drawings and modern sculpture.
Victoria and Albert Museum is a collection of fine and applied arts. It contains a great collection of miniature, too. It was opened in 1857 and was named after Queen Victoria and her husband, Prince Albert.
The British Museum was founded in 1753. It contains one of the world’s richest collections of antiquities. It also houses the main collection covering the history of plants, minerals and the animal world. There is also the Reading room of the British Library in the museum.
There is a number of museums in London which are neither art museums or galleries. Nevertheless, they attract tourists from different parts of Great Britain and of the world. You are sure to know about Madame Tusseau’s Museum. It contains hundreds of wax figures which are sculpture portraits of famous personalities — political figures, painters, musicians, sportsmen and even criminals. The Museum of London represents the history of the city from its foundation to its present day. The Museum of Moving Image illustrates the history of cinema.
In other words, any visitor can find a museum to his taste in London.
The British Museum is one of the greatest and bestknown museums in the world, both in the diversity of its collections and in their wide range and high quality. It was founded in 1753 by a decision of t he Parliament.
The British Museum occupying a splendid great building, in the neoclassical or Grecian style, was erected between 1823 and 1847.
Of the 11 major departments into which the museum is divided, the most outstanding are the Assyrian and Babylonian, the Egyptian, and the Greek and Roman Antiquities. The last makes a particular contribution to the glory of the museum with its collection of sculptures from the Parthenon.
There are also extremely important ethnological collections, including exhibits from the Pacific islands (such as ancient Polynesian idols), and America (such as the Aztec sculptures). African civilization is also notably well represented.
There is a notable and priceless collection of medieval objects of art from all the countries of Europe. But the first thing which is associated with the British Museum it is Library.
The Library which is contemporary with the museum, consisted initially of the collection of books belonging to the Sir Hans Sloane. To this library the other collections of manuscripts and books as well were added as the royal library, which provided the foundations of what was to become one of the largest and most important libraries in the world.
The British Museum Library came into world prominence under its most remarkable librarian – Sir Antonio Panizzi, an Italian by birth, who had to leave his country because of revolutionary activities. Under his direction the library took on its present character. During the thirtyfive years of service with the British Museum he formulated the rules and started the general catalogue.
The British Museum Library is a reading — room and a reference library, but not a lending library. The famous circular Reading Room of the Museum, planned by Sir Antonio Panizzi, offers unique research facilities to scholars. The collection of books is being systematically increased. Today there are millions of volumes in the library store — room.
Vocabulary diversity
contributi on to вклад в
to represent представлять
object of art произведение искусства
come into world prom i nence получить всемирную известность
catalog ue каталог
reference library библиотека без выдачи книг на дом, читальный зал
lending library библиотека с выдачей книг на дом, абонемент
facilities оборудование, условия, удобства
store — room хранилище, запасник
(1 votes, average: 5,00 out of 5)
There are many museums in London. One of them is the Tate Gallery in Millmank, which presents modern masters of England and France. There are some fine examples of modern sculpture. Its collection of French Impressionists is marvellous. There is the Victoria and Albert Museum in Brompton Road. It has an outstanding collection of the applied arts of all countries and periods.
The National Gallery in Trafalgar Square has one of the best picture collection in the world. It has the most valuable display of French paintings from the early of the Impressionists, and, of course, the finest English painting, with Turner, Gainsborough, Constable and others. It shows the progress of Italian painting from the medieval to the Renaissance, some outstanding pictures of the old Roman masters. It also has a great variety of Dutch and Flemish masters and an excellent choice of Spanish painters. There are great treasures dispersed in private collections all over the world. The Queen’s collection is the most valuable among them.
[ перевод на русский язык ]
Британские музеи
В Лондоне много музеев. Один из них — Тэйт галерея в Милманке, в которой представлены современные художники Англии и Франции. Здесь есть несколько прекрасных образцов современной скульптуры. Коллекция французских импрессионистов — потрясающая. На Бромптон Роад находится музей Виктории и Альберта. Там хранится выдающаяся коллекция прикладного искусства всех стран и периодов.
Национальная галерея в Трафальгар-сквере имеет самую лучшую в мире коллекцию картин. В ней находится очень ценная выставка французских полотен ранних импрессионистов и, конечно, прекрасная английская живопись Тернера, Гейнсборо, Констебла и других. Она демонстрирует развитие итальянской живописи со времен средневековья до Ренессанса, некоторые выдающиеся картины древних римских художников. В ней широко представлены голландские и фламандские мастера и есть большой перечень работ испанских художников. Многие шедевры разбросаны в частных коллекциях по всему миру. Королевская коллекция наиболее ценная среди них.
Вопросы к топику:
1. Name British Museums you know?
2. Are there many museums in London?
3. Tell about the Victoria and Albert Museum?
4. The Queen’s collection is the most valuable, isn’t it?
5. What is the National Gallery famous for?
Мини-словарик:
display — выставка
medieval — средневековый
outstanding — выдающийся
picture — картина, рисунок
sculpture — скульптура
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The British Museum is a museum in London, founded in 1753. It contains one of the world’s richest collections of antiquities and (until 1997) one of the largest libraries in the world: British Library.
The British Museum’s collection of seven million objects representing the rich history of human cultures mirrors the city of London’s global variety. It includes monuments of primitive and antique culture, Ancient East culture, the richest collection of engravings, pictures, ceramics, coins.
The British Museum library is now named the British national library. It was formed in 1973 from the British Museum library and other national collections. It has a copy of every book that is printed in the English language, so that there are more than six million books there. They receive nearly two thousand books and papers daily. The British Museum Library has a very big collection of printed books and manuscripts, both old and new. You can see beautifully illustrated old manuscripts which they keep in glass cases. You can also find there some of the first English books printed by Caxton. Caxton was a printer who lived in the fifteenth century. He made the first printing-press in England. In the reading-room of the British Museum many famous men have read and studied. Charles Dickens, a very popular English writer and the author of ‘David Copperfield’, ‘Oliver Twist’, ‘Dombey and Son’ and other books, spent a lot of time in the British Museum Library.
In no other museum can the visitor see so clearly the history of what it is to be human.
Британский музей является музеем в Лондоне, основанный в 1753 г. Он содержит один из богатейших в мире коллекций древностей и (до 1997 года) одна из крупнейших библиотек в мире:. Британская библиотека
коллекции Британского музея семи миллионов объектов , представляющих богатая история человеческих культур отражает город глобального разнообразия Лондона. Она включает в себя памятники первобытной и античной культуры, культуры Древнего Востока, самая богатая коллекция гравюр, картин, керамики, монет.
Ни в одном другом музее можно посетителю увидеть так ясно история о том, что он должен быть человеком.
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The British Museum is a museum in London, founded in 1753. It contains one of the world’s richest collections of antiquities and (until 1997) one of the largest libraries in the world: British Library.
The British Museum’s collection of seven million objects representing the rich history of human cultures mirrors the city of London’s global variety. It includes monuments of primitive and antique culture, Ancient East culture, the richest collection of engravings, pictures, ceramics, coins.The British Museum library is now named the British national library. It was formed in 1973 from the British Museum library and other national collections. It has a copy of every book that is printed in the English language, so that there are more than six million books there. They receive nearly two thousand books and papers daily. The British Museum Library has a very big collection of printed books and manuscripts, both old and new. You can see beautifully illustrated old manuscripts which they keep in glass cases. You can also find there some of the first English books printed by Caxton. Caxton was a printer who lived in the fifteenth century. He made the first printing-press in England. In the reading-room of the British Museum many famous men have read and studied. Charles Dickens, a very popular English writer and the author of ‘David Copperfield’, ‘Oliver Twist’, ‘Dombey and Son’ and other books, spent a lot of time in the British Museum Library.
In no other museum can the visitor see so clearly the history of what it is to be human.